Scrum PSK-I Professional Scrum with Kanban Exam Practice Test

Answer : A, B, D

Lagging indicator metrics are metrics that provide information about past performance:

1. Velocity (Option A): This is a measure of the amount of work a Scrum Team completes in a Sprint. It is a lagging indicator because it reflects what has been done rather than predicting future performance.

2. Cycle Time (Option B): This metric measures the time taken to complete a work item from start to finish. It is a lagging indicator because it provides data on how long work items took to complete in the past.

3. Throughput (Option D): This refers to the number of work items completed in a given period. Like Velocity, it reflects past performance and is considered a lagging indicator.

Work in Progress (Option C) and Work Item Aging (Option E) are not lagging indicators:

* Work in Progress (C): is a current state metric that indicates how much work is currently in progress.

* Work Item Aging (E): is a leading indicator, providing insights into how long a work item has been in progress, helping predict delays or bottlenecks

Answer : D

The four key flow metrics in Scrum with Kanban are:

* Work in Progress (WIP): The number of items that are currently being worked on.

* Work Item Age: The time that has elapsed since an item started, which helps identify aging work that may need attention.

* Throughput: The number of items completed over a specific period, helping to measure productivity.

* Cycle Time: The total time from when an item starts until it is finished, used to assess how quickly items are moving through the process.

These metrics are essential for understanding and optimizing the flow of work in a Scrum team using Kanban practices

Answer : A

The Definition of Done (DoD) still applies even if policies are explicitly stated at each column of your workflow. The DoD is a fundamental concept in Scrum that ensures a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete. Even with explicit policies at each stage of the workflow, the DoD provides a consistent standard for the team's deliverables, ensuring quality and alignment with stakeholder expectations

Answer : B

Within the same Kanban system, Work in Progress (WIP) is not a leading indicator for 'Story points delivered.' While WIP can influence throughput and cycle time, it does not directly correlate with story points delivered, as story points are a measure of effort or complexity rather than flow. The number of story points delivered is not directly influenced by the current WIP levels

Answer : C, D

Work in Progress (WIP) and Work Item Aging are considered leading indicator metrics in Scrum with Kanban. Leading indicators are metrics that provide information that can help predict future outcomes or performance.

* Work in Progress (WIP): This metric indicates the number of work items currently being worked on and can provide early signals about potential bottlenecks or issues in the workflow. Managing WIP effectively can help teams optimize their flow and predict how work might proceed in the future.

* Work Item Aging: This metric shows how long work items have been in progress without being completed. It provides an early indication of delays and can help teams identify items that might need attention to maintain a steady flow

Answer : A, C

If the Product Owner requests that an urgent, unplanned work item be added during the Sprint, and it aligns with the Sprint Goal but does not fit within the current WIP limits, the Developers should:

1. Add the urgent item to their Sprint Backlog but only start working on it when their WIP Limits allow it (Option A): This maintains the integrity of the WIP limits and ensures that the team doesn't overcommit or create too much work in progress, which could affect flow and focus.

2. Take on the urgent item as an exception to the WIP Limits and visualize that they are above their WIP Limit (Option C): By taking on the urgent item as an exception, the team can address the urgency while being transparent about the temporary breach of the WIP limits. This visualization helps the team and stakeholders understand the current state of work and its impact(

Options B (Adjust the WIP Limits) and D (Reject the urgent item) are less suitable because they either undermine the WIP control mechanism or fail to accommodate a potentially critical change that aligns with the Sprint Goal.

Answer : A, C, D, E

Supplementing Scrum with Kanban practices can bring several benefits to a Scrum Team:

* Greater Collaboration (A): By using Kanban practices like visualizing work and managing flow, team members have clearer visibility into each other's tasks, fostering better collaboration.

* Reduced Average Cycle Time (C): Kanban's focus on flow and limiting WIP helps decrease the time it takes for items to move from start to finish.

* Better Transparency (D): Kanban practices enhance visibility into the current state of work, making it easier to identify bottlenecks and areas for improvement.

* Discover Areas of Variability (E): The use of flow metrics such as cycle time and throughput in Kanban can help identify variability in processes, enabling the team to make adjustments for more predictable delivery