PECB Lead-Cybersecurity-Manager ISO/IEC 27032 Lead Cybersecurity Manager Exam Practice Test

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Total 80 questions
Question 1

Scenario 6: Finelits. a South Carolina-based banking institution in the US, Is dedicated 10 providing comprehensive financial management solutions for both individuals and businesses. With a strong focus on leveraging financial technology innovations, Finelits strives to provide its clients with convenient access to their financial needs. To do so. the company offers a range of services. Firstly, it operates a network of physical branches across strategic locations, facilitates banking transactions, and provides basic financial services to Individuals who may not have easy access to a branch Through its diverse service offerings. Finelits aims to deliver exceptional banking services, ensuring financial stability and empowerment for its clients across the US.

Recently, Vera, an employee at Finelits, was passed over for a promotion. Feeling undervalued, Vera decided to take malicious actions to harm the company's reputation and gain unrestricted access to its sensitive information. To do so. Vera decided to collaborate with a former colleague who used lo work for Finelits's software development team. Vera provided the former colleague with valuable information about the Finelils's security protocols, which allowed the former colleague to gain access and introduce a backdoor into one of the company's critical software systems during a routine update. This backdoor allowed the attacker to bypass normal authentication measures and gain unrestricted access to the private network. Vera and the former employee aimed to attack Finelits's systems by altering transactions records, account balances, and investments portfolios. Their actions were carefully calculated to skew financial outcomes and mislead both the hank and Its customers by creating false financial statements, misleading reports, and inaccurate calculations.

After receiving numerous complaints from clients, reporting that they are being redirected to another site when attempting to log into their banking accounts on Finelits's web application, the company became aware of the issue. After taking immediate measures, conducting a thorough forensic analysis and collaborating with external cybersecurity experts, Finelits's Incident response team successfully identified the root cause of the incident. They were able to trace the intrusion back to the attackers, who had exploited vulnerabilities in the bank's system and utilized sophisticated techniques to compromise data integrity

The incident response team swiftly addressed the issue by restoring compromised data, enhancing security, and implementing preventative measures These measures encompassed new access controls, network segmentation, regular security audits, the testing and application of patches frequently, and the clear definition of personnel privileges within their roles for effective authorization management.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

According to scenario 6. to create a secure server system. Finelits's Incident response team implemented additional controls and took extra preventive measures, such as testing and applying patches frequently. Is this a good practice to follow?



Answer : C

Regularly testing and applying patches is a best practice in cybersecurity, as it helps to address known vulnerabilities and maintain the security of server systems. Patching is a crucial part of maintaining a secure IT environment.

Detailed Explanation:

Patch Management:

Definition: The process of managing updates to software and systems to fix vulnerabilities and improve security.

Importance: Ensures that systems are protected against known vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers.

Regular Testing and Patching:

Benefits: Helps to identify and address security weaknesses promptly, reducing the risk of exploitation.

Process: Involves testing patches in a controlled environment before deployment to ensure compatibility and effectiveness.

Cybersecurity Reference:

ISO/IEC 27001: Emphasizes the importance of regular updates and patch management as part of an ISMS.

NIST SP 800-40: Provides guidelines on patch management, recommending regular testing and deployment of patches to maintain system security.

Regular testing and patching are essential to keeping systems secure and preventing potential exploits.


Question 2

Scenario 6: Finelits. a South Carolina-based banking institution in the US, Is dedicated 10 providing comprehensive financial management solutions for both individuals and businesses. With a strong focus on leveraging financial technology innovations, Finelits strives to provide its clients with convenient access to their financial needs. To do so. the company offers a range of services. Firstly, it operates a network of physical branches across strategic locations, facilitates banking transactions, and provides basic financial services to Individuals who may not have easy access to a branch Through its diverse service offerings. Finelits aims to deliver exceptional banking services, ensuring financial stability and empowerment for its clients across the US.

Recently, Vera, an employee at Finelits, was passed over for a promotion. Feeling undervalued, Vera decided to take malicious actions to harm the company's reputation and gain unrestricted access to its sensitive information. To do so. Vera decided to collaborate with a former colleague who used lo work for Finelits's software development team. Vera provided the former colleague with valuable information about the Finelils's security protocols, which allowed the former colleague to gain access and introduce a backdoor into one of the company's critical software systems during a routine update. This backdoor allowed the attacker to bypass normal authentication measures and gain unrestricted access to the private network. Vera and the former employee aimed to attack Finelits's systems by altering transactions records, account balances, and investments portfolios. Their actions were carefully calculated to skew financial outcomes and mislead both the hank and Its customers by creating false financial statements, misleading reports, and inaccurate calculations.

After receiving numerous complaints from clients, reporting that they are being redirected to another site when attempting to log into their banking accounts on Finelits's web application, the company became aware of the issue. After taking immediate measures, conducting a thorough forensic analysis and collaborating with external cybersecurity experts, Finelits's Incident response team successfully identified the root cause of the incident. They were able to trace the intrusion back to the attackers, who had exploited vulnerabilities in the bank's system and utilized sophisticated techniques to compromise data integrity

The incident response team swiftly addressed the issue by restoring compromised data, enhancing security, and implementing preventative measures These measures encompassed new access controls, network segmentation, regular security audits, the testing and application of patches frequently, and the clear definition of personnel privileges within their roles for effective authorization management.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Based on scenario 6. as a preventative measure for potential attacks, Finalist clearly defined personnel privileges within their roles for effective authorization management. Is this necessary?



Answer : A

Authorization Management:

Definition: The process of specifying and enforcing what resources and actions users are permitted to access and perform.

Purpose: To ensure that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive information and systems.

Preventative Measures:

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assigns permissions to roles rather than individuals, making it easier to manage and audit access.

Principle of Least Privilege: Grants users the minimum level of access necessary to perform their job functions.

Cybersecurity Reference:

ISO/IEC 27001: Recommends implementing access control policies to manage user permissions effectively.

NIST SP 800-53: Provides guidelines for access control, emphasizing the need for proper authorization management.

By defining and managing personnel privileges, organizations like Finalist can reduce the risk of unauthorized access and potential security incidents.


Question 3

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

a. In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app

Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Based on scenario 5. what did Pilotron achieve by Isolating devices on the opposite sides of a firewall?



Answer : C

By isolating devices on the opposite sides of a firewall, Pilotron created a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). A DMZ is a physical or logical subnet that separates an internal local area network (LAN) from other untrusted networks, usually the Internet. External-facing servers, resources, and services are placed in the DMZ to add an extra layer of security. By doing so, Pilotron achieved an environment where public access to certain resources is possible while protecting the internal network from unauthorized access.


ISO/IEC 27033-1:2015 - Guidelines for network security, including the creation and management of DMZs for securing networks.

NIST SP 800-41 - Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy, which describe the use of DMZs in network architecture to enhance security.

Question 4

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

a. In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app

Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

What type of data threat was Pitotron subject to? Refer to scenario 5



Answer : A

Pilotron was subject to a data breach, as the unauthorized employee accessed and transferred highly sensitive data to external parties. A data breach involves the unauthorized acquisition of confidential information, leading to its exposure.

Detailed Explanation:

Data Breach:

Definition: The unauthorized access and retrieval of sensitive information by an individual or group.

Impact: Can result in the loss of confidential data, financial loss, and damage to reputation.

Scenario Details:

Incident: An employee modified code to transfer sensitive data outside the organization.

Detection: The breach was identified after noticing unusual data transfer activities.

Cybersecurity Reference:

ISO/IEC 27001: Defines data breaches and the importance of implementing controls to prevent unauthorized access to information.

NIST SP 800-61: Provides guidelines for handling and responding to data breaches.

By recognizing and addressing the data breach, Pilotron can improve its cybersecurity measures and prevent future incidents.


Question 5

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

a. In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app

Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

What security software did Pilotron implement to mitigate internal attacks?



Answer : B

Pilotron implemented User Behavior Analytics (UBA) to mitigate internal attacks. UBA involves monitoring user activities to detect unusual patterns that may indicate potential security threats, such as insider threats.

Detailed Explanation:

User Behavior Analytics (UBA):

Definition: A cybersecurity process that tracks user behavior to detect anomalies that may signify security risks.

Function: Analyzes patterns of behavior, such as access to data, login times, and usage of resources, to identify deviations from the norm.

Application in the Scenario:

Detection: Identifying unusual access patterns, large data uploads, and credential abuse.

Mitigation: Alerts security teams to potential insider threats, allowing for timely investigation and response.

Cybersecurity Reference:

NIST SP 800-53: Recommends monitoring and analyzing user activities to detect and respond to anomalous behavior.

ISO/IEC 27002: Provides guidelines on monitoring and review to detect unauthorized activities.

Implementing UBA helps organizations like Pilotron detect and respond to insider threats by analyzing user behavior and identifying anomalies.


Question 6

Among others, which of the following factors should an organisation consider when establishing, Implementing, maintaining, and continually improving asset management?



Answer : C

When establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving asset management, an organization must consider its operating context. The operating context includes the internal and external environment in which the organization functions, encompassing factors such as regulatory requirements, business objectives, and threat landscape. Understanding the operating context ensures that asset management practices are aligned with the organization's specific needs and conditions.


ISO/IEC 27001:2013 - Emphasizes the importance of considering the organization's context in the implementation and maintenance of the ISMS.

NIST SP 800-53 - Recommends that organizations take into account their operating context when developing and implementing security controls, including asset management practices.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the information security manager (ISM) within an organization's cybersecurity framework?



Answer : A

The responsibility of allocating resources dedicated to the cybersecurity program typically falls to senior management or the executive leadership, rather than the information security manager (ISM). The ISM's role is more focused on supervising the cybersecurity program, developing metrics, and ensuring the effectiveness of security controls.


ISO/IEC 27001:2013 - Outlines the responsibilities of the ISM, including the supervision of the ISMS and the development of metrics for evaluating control effectiveness, but does not typically include resource allocation.

NIST SP 800-53 - Discusses the roles and responsibilities within an organization's security framework, delineating the management of resources as a responsibility of senior leadership rather than the ISM.

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Total 80 questions