PECB ISO-22301-Lead-Auditor ISO 22301 Lead Auditor Exam Practice Test

Answer : B

According to ISO 22301 Lead Auditor objectives and content, a qualitative approach is a type of approach that has a straightforward process based on informed judgement supported by appropriate guidance. A qualitative approach is used to assess the impacts and risks of a disruption to the organization's processes, resources, and objectives. A qualitative approach relies on the subjective evaluation of the likelihood and severity of the disruption, as well as the effectiveness of the existing controls and mitigation measures. A qualitative approach can use descriptive scales, such as low, medium, and high, to rank the impacts and risks. A qualitative approach can also use tools, such as matrices, diagrams, and checklists, to facilitate the analysis and communication of the results.A qualitative approach is suitable for organizations that have limited data, resources, or time to conduct a quantitative approach, which requires more complex and objective calculations and measurements.Reference: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 401; ISO 22301 Clause 8.2.2 Risk assessment2

Answer : A

According to the ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, likelihood is defined as 'the chance of something happening, whether defined, measured or determined objectively or subjectively, qualitatively or quantitatively, and described using general terms or mathematically (such as a probability or a frequency over a given time period)'1. Likelihood is one of the factors that determine the level of risk, along with the impact or consequence of an event. The probability of a threat or risk to occur is therefore equivalent to the likelihood of that event.

Answer : A, B, C

According to the ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, there are three types of personal interview, which differ in terms of the structure, purpose and depth of information to be elicited. They are:

Fully structured interview: This type of interview follows a predefined set of questions that are asked in a fixed order. The interviewer does not deviate from the script and does not probe for additional information. The advantage of this type of interview is that it ensures consistency and comparability of data across different interviewees. The disadvantage is that it may not capture the nuances and complexities of the interviewee's responses, and may miss some important information that is not covered by the questions.

Semi-structured interview: This type of interview has a general outline of topics or questions to be covered, but the interviewer has the flexibility to ask follow-up questions, clarify ambiguities, and explore new areas of interest that emerge during the conversation. The advantage of this type of interview is that it allows for a deeper and richer understanding of the interviewee's perspectives, opinions, and experiences. The disadvantage is that it may introduce some variability and bias in the data collection and analysis, depending on the interviewer's skills and style.

Unstructured interview: This type of interview has no predetermined agenda or questions, and the interviewer relies on the natural flow of the conversation to guide the discussion. The interviewer may use some open-ended prompts or probes to elicit more information, but the interviewee has the freedom to express whatever they want. The advantage of this type of interview is that it can reveal unexpected and insightful information that may not be obtained through other methods. The disadvantage is that it may be difficult to manage, control, and summarize the data, and it may require more time and resources to conduct and analyze.

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Answer : A

An unambiguous objective is one that is concise and unequivocal, meaning that it is clear, precise, and leaves no room for doubt or confusion. An unambiguous objective is important for business continuity management, as it helps to ensure that the organization and its stakeholders have a common understanding of what is expected and how to measure the progress and achievement of the objective. An unambiguous objective also helps to avoid misunderstandings, conflicts, or disputes that may arise from vague or ambiguous objectives. According to ISO 22301, business continuity objectives should be consistent with the business continuity policy, measurable, monitored, communicated, and updated as appropriate. They should also be SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-based. These criteria help to ensure that the objectives are unambiguous and effective.Reference: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2: Business Continuity Management System (BCMS), Section 2.2: Business Continuity Policy, page 25. ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2: Business Continuity Management System (BCMS), Section 2.3: Business Continuity Objectives, page 26.

Answer : A

Process-oriented objectives are the objectives that focus on the BCM activities that support the achievement of people-and performance-oriented objectives, as defined by ISO 22301. Process-oriented objectives are derived from the business continuity policy and the results of the business impact analysis (BIA) and risk assessment (RA). Process-oriented objectives are measurable, consistent, and relevant to the organization's business continuity requirements and strategies. Process-oriented objectives are also aligned with the organization's strategic direction and communicated to all relevant parties.Process-oriented objectives are one of the key requirements of ISO 22301, as they provide the basis for planning, implementing, monitoring, reviewing, and improving the business continuity management system (BCMS).Reference: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 281; ISO 22301:2019, clause 6.22

Answer : B

Regulatory compliance is the adherence to laws, regulations, guidelines and specifications relevant to an organization's business processes. It has always been a challenge to organizations since it has a significant influence on corporate planning, such as strategic objectives, policies, procedures, risk management, performance measurement and improvement. Regulatory compliance can also affect the organization's reputation, customer satisfaction, stakeholder confidence and legal liability. Therefore, organizations need to establish, implement, maintain and improve a business continuity management system (BCMS) that meets the requirements of ISO 22301 and other applicable regulations.Reference: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 1: Introduction to Business Continuity Management Systems (BCMS), Section 1.2: Regulatory Compliance, page 9.

Answer : A

Most government policies have direct influences on how organizations shape their business strategies and plans, as they affect the legal, regulatory, economic, and social environment in which the organizations operate. Government policies can create opportunities or threats for the organizations, depending on their nature and impact. For example, government policies can affect the taxation, trade, security, environmental, and human rights aspects of the organizations' activities. Therefore, organizations need to monitor and analyze the government policies that are relevant to their business objectives and interests, and adapt their business strategies and plans accordingly.This is also important for the business continuity management system (BCMS), as it helps the organizations to identify and address the risks and opportunities related to the government policies, and to ensure the compliance and resilience of their BCMS.Reference: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 131; ISO 22301:2019, clause 4.12