NABP NAPLEX North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination Exam Practice Test

Answer : C

We have 1g of potassium permanganate in 25mL We have 300mL of solution

For every 25mL of that 300mL, we have 1g of KmnO4

300mL must have 12g of potassium permanganate (300ml/25mL)

Answer : B

Zileuton is the active ingredient found in the medicine Zyflo; a medicine that works as a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. As such, zileuton inhibits leukotrienes (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) formation, and is used for the maintenance treatment of asthma in patients older than the age of 12. In 2 percent of patients, it raises liver enzymes. Sinusitis and nausea are the most common side effects.

Answer : A

A CD4 count of 180 cells per cubic meter is considered very low -- typically an indicator that the patient has an immunocompromised state, such as AIDS. CD4 counts are a measure of healthy T-cell levels. The lower the count, the more susceptible the patient is to opportunistic infections. A normal range is between 500 and 1,500 cells.

Answer : B

Amoxicillin is a penicillin and so should be avoided in patients even with a non-immediate allergy. Acute treatment should be administered with one of the other listed options.

Answer : B

Pregabalin works as a ligand of the auxiliary 2 subunit site of certain voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), and thereby acts as an inhibitor of 2 subunit-containing VDCCs.

Answer : E

Thiazolidinediones Sulfonylureas work in beta cells in the pancreas that are still functioning to enhance insulin secretion. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors stop -glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine and delay digestion and absorption of starch and disaccharides which lowers the levels of glucose after meals. DPP4 blocks the degradation ofGLP-1, GIP, and a variety of other peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists work in various organs of the body. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists enhance glucose homeostasis through: (i) stimulation of insulin secretion; (ii) inhibition of glucagon secretion;

(iii) direct and indirect suppression of endogenous glucose production; (iv) suppression of appetite; (v) enhanced insulin sensitivity secondary to weight loss; (vi) delayed gastric emptying, resulting in decreased postprandial hyperglycaemia. Thiazolidinediones are the only true insulin-sensitising agents, exerting their effects in skeletal and cardiac muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. It ameliorates insulin resistance, decreases visceral fat. Biguanides work in liver, muscle, adipose tissue via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) reduce hepatic glucose production. SGLT2 inhibitors work in the kidneys to inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins to reabsorb glucose into the blood from muscle cells; overall this helps to improve insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas.

https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv239

Answer : G

SGLT2 inhibitors Sulfonylureas work in beta cells in the pancreas that are still functioning to enhance insulin secretion. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors stop -glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine and delay digestion and absorption of starch and disaccharides which lowers the levels of glucose after meals. DPP4 blocks the degradation ofGLP-1, GIP, and a variety of other peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists work in various organs of the body. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists enhance glucose homeostasis through: (i) stimulation of insulin secretion; (ii) inhibition of glucagon secretion;

(iii) direct and indirect suppression of endogenous glucose production; (iv) suppression of appetite; (v) enhanced insulin sensitivity secondary to weight loss; (vi) delayed gastric emptying, resulting in decreased postprandial hyperglycaemia. Thiazolidinediones are the only true insulin-sensitising agents, exerting their effects in skeletal and cardiac muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. It ameliorates insulin resistance, decreases visceral fat. Biguanides work in liver, muscle, adipose tissue via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) reduce hepatic glucose production. SGLT2 inhibitors work in the kidneys to inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins to reabsorb glucose into the blood from muscle cells; overall this helps to improve insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas.

https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv239