Fortinet FCP_FAZ_AN-7.4 FCP - FortiAnalyzer 7.4 Analyst Exam Practice Test

Answer : A

The exhibit shows a graph that tracks two metrics over time: Receive Rate and Insert Rate. These two rates are crucial for understanding the log processing behavior in FortiAnalyzer.

Understanding Receive Rate and Insert Rate:

Receive Rate: This is the rate at which FortiAnalyzer is receiving logs from connected devices.

Insert Rate: This is the rate at which FortiAnalyzer is indexing (inserting) logs into its database for storage and analysis.

Data Point at 21:20:

At 21:20, the Insert Rate line is above the Receive Rate line, indicating that FortiAnalyzer is inserting logs into its database at a faster rate than it is receiving them. This situation suggests that FortiAnalyzer is able to keep up with the incoming logs and is possibly processing a backlog or temporarily received logs faster than new logs are coming in.

Option Analysis:

Option A - FortiAnalyzer is Indexing Logs Faster Than Logs are Being Received: This accurately describes the scenario at 21:20, where the Insert Rate exceeds the Receive Rate. This indicates that FortiAnalyzer is handling logs efficiently at that moment, with no backlog in processing.

Option B - The fortilogd Daemon is Ahead in Indexing by One Log: The data does not provide specific information about the fortilogd daemon's log count, only the rates. This option is incorrect.

Option C - SQL Database Requires a Rebuild: High receive lag would imply a backlog in receiving and indexing logs, typically visible if the Receive Rate were significantly above the Insert Rate, which is not the case here.

Option D - FortiAnalyzer is Temporarily Buffering Logs to Index Older Logs First: There is no indication of buffering in this scenario. Buffering would usually occur if the Receive Rate were higher than the Insert Rate, indicating that FortiAnalyzer is storing logs temporarily due to indexing lag.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : A. FortiAnalyzer is indexing logs faster than logs are being received.

The graph at 21:20 shows a higher Insert Rate than Receive Rate, indicating efficient log processing by FortiAnalyzer.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on log processing metrics, Receive Rate, and Insert Rate indicators.

Answer : B, C

FortiAnalyzer manages and stores various types of logs, including local logs, across different ADOMs (Administrative Domains). Each type of log serves specific purposes, with some logs being ADOM-specific and others providing system-wide information.

Option A - Local Logs Not Supported in FortiView:

Local logs are indeed supported in FortiView. FortiView provides visibility and analytics for different log types across the system, including local logs, allowing users to view and analyze data efficiently.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option B - Playbook Logs for All ADOMs in the Root ADOM:

FortiAnalyzer allows centralized viewing of playbook logs across all ADOMs from the root ADOM. This feature provides an overarching view of playbook executions, facilitating easier monitoring and management for administrators.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option C - Event Logs vs. Application Logs:

Event Logs provide information about system-wide events, such as login attempts, configuration changes, and other critical activities that impact the overall system. These logs apply across the FortiAnalyzer instance.

Application Logs are more specific to individual ADOMs, capturing details that pertain to ADOM-specific applications and configurations.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option D - Event Logs Only in Root ADOM:

Event logs are available across different ADOMs, not exclusively in the root ADOM. They capture system-wide events, but they can be accessed within specific ADOM contexts as needed.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : B. You can view playbook logs for all ADOMs in the root ADOM and C. Event logs show system-wide information, whereas application logs are ADOM specific.

These answers correctly describe the characteristics and visibility of local logs within FortiAnalyzer.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on log types, ADOM configuration, and FortiView functionality.

Answer : A

The objective is to create a filter that identifies all login attempts to the FortiAnalyzer web interface (GUI) coming from Laptop1 (IP 10.1.1.100) and excludes the admin user. This filter should match any user other than admin.

Filter Components Analysis:

Operation-login: This portion of the filter will target login actions specifically, which is correct for filtering login attempts.

performed_on==''GUI(10.1.1.100)': This indicates that the login attempt must occur on the GUI interface and originate from the specified IP, which matches Laptop1's IP address (10.1.1.100). This ensures that the filter only matches GUI logins from this specific device.

user!=admin: This part excludes logins by the admin user, meeting the requirement to capture only non-admin users.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correctly specifies the Operation-login, performed_on==''GUI(10.1.1.100)', and user!=admin. This setup effectively filters login attempts to the GUI from Laptop1, excluding the admin user.

Option B: Uses the incorrect IP 10.1.1.120 in the performed_on filter, which does not match Laptop1's IP (10.1.1.100).

Option C: This option includes srcip==10.1.1.100 and dstip==10.1.1.210 but incorrectly specifies user==admin instead of user!=admin, which does not match the requirement to exclude admin users.

Option D: This option does not specify the performed_on field to restrict it to the GUI and only includes dstip (destination IP) without srcip. It also incorrectly uses user!-admin instead of the correct syntax user!=admin.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : A. Operation-login and performed_on==''GUI(10.1.1.100)' and user!=admin

This filter precisely captures the required conditions: login attempts from Laptop1 to the GUI interface by any user except admin.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on log filters, syntax for login operations, and GUI login tracking.

Answer : A

When an incident in FortiAnalyzer is identified as a false positive and its status is updated to 'Closed: False Positive,' certain records and logs are updated to reflect this change.

Option A - The Audit History Log Will Be Updated:

FortiAnalyzer maintains an audit history log that records changes to incidents, including updates to their status. When an incident status is marked as 'Closed: False Positive,' this action is logged in the audit history to ensure traceability of changes. This log provides accountability and a record of how incidents have been handled over time.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option B - The Corresponding Event Will Be Marked as Mitigated:

Changing an incident to 'Closed: False Positive' does not affect the status of the original event itself. Marking an incident as a false positive signifies that it does not represent a real threat, but it does not imply that the event has been mitigated.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option C - The Incident Will Be Deleted:

Marking an incident as 'Closed: False Positive' does not delete the incident from FortiAnalyzer. Instead, it updates the status to reflect that it is not a real threat, allowing for historical analysis and preventing similar false positives in the future. Deletion would typically only occur manually or by a different administrative action.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option D - The Incident Number Will Be Changed:

The incident number is a unique identifier and does not change when the status of the incident is updated. This identifier remains constant throughout the incident's lifecycle for tracking and reference purposes.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : A. The audit history log will be updated.

This is the most accurate answer, as the update to 'Closed: False Positive' is recorded in FortiAnalyzer's audit history log for accountability and tracking purposes.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on incident management and audit history logging.

Answer : B, D

FortiAnalyzer has two primary operating modes: Analyzer mode and Collector mode. Each mode serves specific purposes and has distinct capabilities.

Option A - Forwarding Logs to a Syslog Server in Collector Mode:

In Collector mode, FortiAnalyzer collects logs from Fortinet devices but does not process or analyze them. Instead, it forwards the logs to other FortiAnalyzer units in Analyzer mode or to specific storage locations. However, forwarding logs to a syslog server is not a function of Collector mode. Logs are generally stored or sent to other FortiAnalyzer devices.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option B - Default Mode is Collector Mode Unless Configured for HA:

When a FortiAnalyzer is initially set up, it runs in Collector mode by default unless it is configured as part of a High Availability (HA) setup, which would set it to Analyzer mode. Collector mode prioritizes log collection and storage rather than analysis, offloading analysis to other devices in the network.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option C - Report Creation and Editing in Collector Mode:

In Collector mode, FortiAnalyzer does not have the capability to create or edit reports. This mode is focused solely on log collection and forwarding, with analysis and report generation left to FortiAnalyzer units operating in Analyzer mode.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option D - Performance Improvement with Both Modes in Topology:

Deploying FortiAnalyzer devices in both Collector and Analyzer modes in a network topology can enhance performance. Collector mode devices handle log collection, reducing the workload on Analyzer mode devices, which focus on log processing, analysis, and reporting. This separation of tasks can optimize resource usage and improve the overall efficiency of log management.

Conclusion: Correct.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : B. FortiAnalyzer runs in collector mode by default unless it is configured for HA and D. A topology with FortiAnalyzer devices running in both modes can improve their performance.

These answers correctly describe the functionality and default configuration of FortiAnalyzer operating modes, along with how a mixed-mode topology can enhance performance.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on operating modes (Collector and Analyzer) and their respective capabilities.

Answer : A, D

When a generated report does not contain the expected information even though the logs are confirmed to be present, it typically indicates an issue with the report's configuration. There are a few common reasons this might happen:

Option A - Check the Time Frame Covered by the Report:

Reports are generated based on a specific time frame. If the report's time frame does not cover the period when the relevant logs were collected, those logs won't appear in the report output. Verifying and adjusting the time frame is essential to ensure the report includes all relevant data.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option B - Disable Auto-Cache:

Auto-cache is designed to improve report generation speed by using cached data. Disabling auto-cache would typically only be relevant if the report is pulling outdated data from cache, but it doesn't directly affect whether specific logs are included in a report.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option C - Increase the Report Utilization Quota:

The report utilization quota is related to the resource limits for generating reports. It does not directly influence whether certain data appears in a report. Increasing this quota would help only if there are resource issues preventing the report from completing, not if specific logs are missing from the report.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option D - Test the Dataset:

Datasets determine which logs and data fields are pulled into the report. If a dataset is configured incorrectly or does not include the required log fields, it could lead to missing information. Testing the dataset allows you to verify that it's correctly configured and pulling the expected data.

Conclusion: Correct.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : A. Check the time frame covered by the report and D. Test the dataset.

These steps directly address the issues that could lead to missing information in a report when logs are available but not displayed.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on report generation settings, time frames, and dataset configuration for accurate report results.

Answer : A, D

When a generated report does not include the expected information despite the logs being present, there are several factors to check to ensure accurate data representation in the report.

Option A - Check the Time Frame Covered by the Report:

Reports are generated based on a specified time frame. If the time frame does not encompass the period when the relevant logs were collected, those logs will not appear in the report. Ensuring the time frame is correctly set to cover the intended logs is crucial for accurate report content.

Conclusion: Correct.

Option B - Disable Auto-Cache:

Auto-cache is a feature in FortiAnalyzer that helps optimize report generation by using cached data for frequently used datasets. Disabling auto-cache is generally not necessary unless there is an issue with outdated data being used. In most cases, it does not directly impact whether certain logs are included in a report.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option C - Increase the Report Utilization Quota:

The report utilization quota controls the resource limits for generating reports. While insufficient quota might prevent a report from generating or completing, it does not typically cause specific log entries to be missing. Therefore, this option is not directly relevant to missing data within the report.

Conclusion: Incorrect.

Option D - Test the Dataset:

Datasets in FortiAnalyzer define which logs and fields are pulled into the report. If a dataset is misconfigured, it could exclude certain logs. Testing the dataset helps verify that the correct data is being pulled and that all required logs are included in the report parameters.

Conclusion: Correct.

Conclusion:

Correct Answe r : A. Check the time frame covered by the report and D. Test the dataset.

These actions directly address the issues that could cause missing information in a report when logs are available but not displayed.

FortiAnalyzer 7.4.1 documentation on report generation settings, time frames, and dataset configuration.