What is the primary difference between LoRa and LoRaWAN
Answer : B
LoRa:This refers to the underlying radio modulation technique using Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS). It defines how data is physically encoded onto the wireless signal.
LoRaWAN:This is the network protocol built on top of LoRa. It manages device communication, network topology, and aspects like security. It operates at the MAC sublayer of the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model
LoRa vs. LoRaWAN:Key takeaway is that LoRa is the physical layer technology, while LoRaWAN adds the networking layer for management.
References:
LoRa Modulation:Technical explanations of Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS).
LoRaWAN Specification:Official documentation detailing the network architecture and MAC layer functions.
OSI Model:Descriptions of the Data Link layer and its role in networking.
What is a valid reason to continue using older wireless networking technologies?
Answer : D
Legacy Support:The primary reason to continue using older wireless technologies is the need to connect with devices that don't support newer standards (e.g., old sensors or equipment).
Other Reasons (Not as Strong):
Cost:Replacing legacy devices can be expensive.
Reliability:Some legacy technologies might be well-proven in specific settings.
When deploying devices in an indoor manufacturing environment, which IP rating is more likely to be required?
Answer : D
IP Ratings & Manufacturing:IP66 provides:
Dust-tight:(First '6') Complete protection against dust ingress.
Powerful Water Jets:(Second '6') Protection against strong water jets from any direction.
Harsh Manufacturing Environments:IP66 is common due to dust, dirt, and potential exposure to liquids during cleaning or spills.
References
IP Ratings:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Code
What is the primary difference between LoRa and LoRaWAN?
Answer : A
LoRa:Refers to the physical layer chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation, enabling long-range, low-power communication.
LoRaWAN:An open MAC layer protocol that builds on LoRa, defining network architecture, device management, and data routing for large-scale LoRa networks.
You are planning a wireless solution deployment. The organization has several wireless solutions in use. The new deployment must coexist with these other wireless solutions. What is the most important factor to consider when implementing the new wireless solution?
Answer : D
Coexistence Priority:Frequency coordination is the most critical aspect in ensuring that multiple wireless solutions function without significant interference.
Impact of Interference:Uncoordinated frequencies lead to:
Signal degradation:Reduced network performance and reliability.
Data errors and retransmissions:Inefficient operation and higher battery drain on devices.
You are deploying a ZigBee network based on the frequency band available for ZigBee deployment worldwide. What allowable action will do the most to minimize ZigBee and 802.11 interference?
Answer : B
Wi-Fi and Zigbee Interference:Both can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, leading to potential interference that degrades performance for both networks.
5 GHz Advantages:
Less crowded: Fewer devices operate in the 5 GHz band, reducing interference potential.
Wider Channels: 5 GHz supports wider channels, enabling higher data throughput for Wi-Fi.
Which one of the following location tracking technologies is most energy efficient in typical implementations?
Answer : A
BLE Beacon Power Efficiency:Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons are designed for low power consumption.Their primary function is to periodically broadcast short data packets (advertising their presence).
Other Technologies:
Cellular:More power-hungry due to long-range communication and complex protocols.
GPS:Power intensive,especially when actively tracking location.
Wi-Fi: