CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Exam Practice Test

Answer : D

Lift and shift is a cloud migration approach that involves moving applications to the cloud as-is, without making any major changes to the application code or architecture. This approach is suitable for legacy applications that depend on specific databases or platforms that are no longer supported or available on-premise. Lift and shift can help reduce the cost and complexity of migration, while preserving the functionality and performance of the applications. However, lift and shift may not take full advantage of the cloud features and benefits, such as scalability, elasticity, and automation. Therefore, some applications may require further optimization or refactoring after the initial migration.

Answer : A, E

A proprietary SaaS solution is one that uses a specific vendor's software and platform, which may not be compatible with other vendors' solutions or industry standards. This can result in vendor lock-in, which means that the organization becomes dependent on the vendor and cannot easily switch to another provider or solution without significant costs or risks. Vendor lock-in can also limit the organization's ability to negotiate better terms or prices with the vendor. Integration issues can arise when the proprietary SaaS solution does not support open standards, which are widely accepted and interoperable protocols or formats that enable different systems or applications to communicate and exchange data. Open standards can facilitate integration with other cloud or on-premise solutions, as well as enhance portability and scalability of the cloud services. If the SaaS solution does not adopt open standards, the organization may face challenges or limitations in integrating the solution with its existing or future IT environment, which can affect the functionality, performance, and security of the cloud services.Reference: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 2: Cloud Concepts, Section 2.3: Cloud Service Models, p. 62-63.

Answer : C

Federation is a technology that allows a social media application to authenticate access to resources that are available in the cloud. Federation enables users to sign in to a cloud service using their existing credentials from another identity provider, such as Facebook, Google, or Microsoft. This way, users do not need to create a separate account or password for the cloud service, and the cloud service does not need to store or manage user identities. Federation also simplifies access management, as the identity provider can control which users and groups are allowed to access the cloud service. Federation is based on standards such as OAuth, OpenID Connect, and SAML, which define how identity providers and cloud services can exchange authentication and authorization information.Reference: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 3: Cloud Service Operations, Section 3.4: Identity and Access Management, Page 113.

Answer : A

Pay-as-you-go is a pricing model in which customers pay only for the resources they consume, such as compute, storage, network, or software services4.Pay-as-you-go helps transform from a typical capital expenditure model to an operating expenditure model by eliminating the upfront costs of purchasing and maintaining physical infrastructure and software licenses5.Pay-as-you-go also provides flexibility and scalability to adjust the resource consumption according to the changing business needs6.

Consumption and fixed cost models, Microsoft Azure Well-Architected Framework

What is Cloud Elasticity in Cloud Computing?, The Iron.io Blog

CompTIA Cloud Essentials CLO-002 Certification Study Guide, Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments, page 51

Answer : D

Spot instances are instances that use spare cloud capacity that is available for less than the On-Demand price. They are suitable for low-budget projects that can tolerate interruptions and have flexible completion time. Spot instances can be reclaimed by the cloud provider when the demand for the capacity increases, so they are not guaranteed to run continuously. However, they can offer significant cost savings compared to other pricing models.Reference:Spot Instances - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud,Amazon Web Services -- Introduction to EC2 Spot Instances,What are AWS spot instances? - Spot.io

Answer : D

According to the CompTIA Cloud Essentials objectives and documents, sandboxing is the best option for the DevOps team that wants to document the upgrade steps for its public database solution. Sandboxing is a technique that creates a virtual environment that is isolated from the production systems and allows the team to replicate multiple installations without affecting the real data or applications. Sandboxing is useful for testing, debugging, and experimenting with new features or configurations in a safe and controlled way. Sandboxing can also help the team to identify and resolve any potential issues or errors before deploying the upgrade to the production environment.

The other options are not as suitable for the team's needs. Containerization is a method of packaging software code with the necessary dependencies and libraries to run it on any platform or cloud. Containerization is beneficial for creating portable and scalable applications that can run consistently across different environments. However, containerization does not provide a dedicated virtual environment that is separate from the production systems, nor does it allow the team to replicate multiple installations of the same software. Cold storage is a type of data storage that is used for infrequently accessed or archived data. Cold storage is typically cheaper and slower than hot storage, which is used for frequently accessed or active data. Cold storage is not relevant for the team's need to document the upgrade steps for its public database solution, as it does not involve data storage or access. Infrastructure as code is a practice of managing and provisioning cloud infrastructure using code or scripts, rather than manual processes or graphical user interfaces. Infrastructure as code is advantageous for automating and standardizing the deployment and configuration of cloud resources, such as servers, networks, or storage. However, infrastructure as code does not provide a dedicated virtual environment that is separate from the production systems, nor does it allow the team to replicate multiple installations of the same software.

Answer : C

Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable format using a secret key or algorithm. Encryption is the best way to address the requirement of data confidentiality, as it ensures that only authorized parties can access and understand the data, while unauthorized parties cannot.Encryption can protect data at rest, in transit, and in use, which are the three possible states of data in cloud computing environments1.Encryption can also help comply with various regulations and standards that require data protection, such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI DSS2.

Authorization, validation, and sanitization are not the best ways to address the requirement of data confidentiality, as they do not provide the same level of protection as encryption. Authorization is the process of granting or denying access to data or resources based on the identity or role of the user or system.Authorization can help control who can access the data, but it does not prevent unauthorized access or leakage of the data3. Validation is the process of verifying the accuracy, completeness, and quality of the data.Validation can help ensure the data is correct and consistent, but it does not prevent the data from being exposed or compromised4. Sanitization is the process of removing sensitive or confidential data from a storage device or a data set.Sanitization can help prevent the data from being recovered or reused, but it does not protect the data while it is stored or processed5.Reference:Data security and encryption best practices;An Overview of Cloud Cryptography;What is Data Validation? | Talend;Data Sanitization - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics;What is Encryption? | Cloudflare.